06 Measurement of Bilingualism



You already know how people become bilingual now, so you might have this question in your mind. 
How can we know who is a bilingual person and who is not.

This is the 4 basic characteristic of bilingual person
(1)           Grow up with the bilingual society

(2)           Learning one at school and talking in another language at home.
(3)           Interested to learn how to be a bilingual person

(4)           Have opportunities to use another language in the country

Another way to know that you are bilingual or not is to do the measurement of bilingualism.

 It can divide in to 2 types: Formal measurement and informal measurement.

 In formal measurement, It have traditional measurement which is may be good tools in terms of taking a relatively short time to administer as well as facilitating 'feedback to the teacher that directly leads to action. And Behavioral measurement which is devised on the assumption that a balanced bilingual's performance would be the same whatever the language used in performing the task.

Another is Informal measurement, include code-switching, as already mention, and  language background questionnaire. These data represent reality because they are collected where bilinguals are under some psychological pressure, or whether some tests may be examining their cognitive skills, or at worst, test-taking skills instead of bilingualism.
Also measurement of bilingualism can include portfolio assessment where individuals collect a number of sample of their work which demonstrate their language ability.



As you knew, everyone can be bilingual person even if you are grow up with the bilingual society, interest in other languages or none of these. If you can communicate with other people by using the language you want; you already a bilingual person.



References  :
http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED413763.pdf



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07 Type of Bilingual

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Now we going to look on the type of bilingual people As we learn at the beginning that people can become a bilingual person at birth to 4+ years old . That is called Early bilingualism .         Early bilingualism is defined as the acquisition of more than one language in the pre-adolescent phase of life. Children can learn 2 language at the same time, from birth or acquires a first language and then learn second language. Another one is Late bilingualism which refers to bilingualism when the second language is learned after the age of 6 or 7; especially when it is learned in adolescence or adulthood           Type of bilingualism also classifies according to the skills : Balanced bilinguals and dominant bilinguals.  The difference between Balanced bilinguals and dominant bilinguals is  based on the relationship between the fluency & proficiency  of the respective languages which bilinguals master. The third, we can cla
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05 How bilingual speak

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          As we know that family social and education is effected the person when learning a second language to become bilingual. When a person become bilingual, they will think a lot on how to use each language that will appropriate the context. The process will begin at the Code-switching.               “ Code-switching is using between two languages or more than two languages in different situations or in the same sentence” For example, Helen is a woman who can speak in both Thai and Korean. If she is in Thailand, she will choose to speak Thai to communicate with others. For more understanding :   https://owlcation.com/humanities/Code-Switching-Definition-Types-and-Examples-of-Code-Switching After that will go to the Diglossia stage Diglossia has 2 parts              First, used to classify communication situations in societies between Formal and Informal languages in the same language.              Second, use between 2 languages, their lang
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08 Bilingual education

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Bilingual education Bilingual education is bilingualism at the school level. It is not to be confused with bilingual child-raising. Bilingual education should involve teaching in two or more languages in a school, that is, more than one language as the medium of instruction for students to learn regular school subjects.                There are a lot of successful model for bilingual education .          1.      IMMERSION          2.     MAINTENANCE / HERITAGE LANGUAGE          3.     TWO-WAY / DUAL LANGUAGE          4.     MAINSTREAM BILINGUAL In immersion bilingual education the regular curriculum is taught to some extent in the target language, which can also be called Content-Based Foreign Language Teaching. If a program is called immersion, it may need to be confirmed that the curriculum meets the established criteria which is use L1 and L2 at the same time (L1 50% and L2 50%) It is a strict standard compared to most foreign language programs, bu
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