07 Type of Bilingual

Now we going to look on the type of bilingual people






As we learn at the beginning that people can become a bilingual person at birth to 4+ years old. That is called Early bilingualism.



        Early bilingualism is defined as the acquisition of more than one language in the pre-adolescent phase of life. Children can learn 2 language at the same time, from birth or acquires a first language and then learn second language.



Another one is Late bilingualism which refers to bilingualism when the second language is learned after the age of 6 or 7; especially when it is learned in adolescence or adulthood




          Type of bilingualism also classifies according to the skills: Balanced bilinguals and dominant bilinguals. 

 The difference between Balanced bilinguals and dominant bilinguals is based on the relationship between the fluency & proficiency of the respective languages which bilinguals master.



The third, we can classify according to the linguistic codes: compound bilinguals, coordinate bilinguals, and subordinate bilinguals



ADDITIVE & SUBTRACTIVE BILINGUALS


ADDITIVE BILINGUALS
 When learning a L2 does not interfere with the L1 learning, both languages develop, which is considered as an additive bilingualism.
SUBTRACTIVE BILINGUALS
 Subtractive bilingualism occurs when an individual learns r=the L2 to the determinant of L1. 
In this case, the competent and mastery of L1 diminishes, while the proficiency and mastery of L2 arguments. 


For more understanding :
http://courses.washington.edu/sop/Biligualism_InterventionChoices.pdf

 http://www.bklein.de/buc/buc_classification.php
Reference: 
http://developpement-langagier.fpfcb.bc.ca/en/bilingualism-types-bilingualism
Click for the next topic
http://oppenedyourworld.blogspot.com/2017/04/bilingual-education.html

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09 Myths about bilingualism

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This is some myths about bilingualism that has been discuss for a several years.  1. Bilingualism is a rare phenomenon .          It has been estimated that more than half the world's population is bilingual, that is lives with two or more languages. Bilingualism is found in all parts of the world, at all levels of society, in all age groups. Even in countries with many monolinguals, the percentage of bilinguals is high. For example, one can estimate that there are as many as 50 million bilinguals in the United States today.  2. Bilinguals acquire their two or more languages in childhood.          One can become bilingual in childhood, but also in adolescence and in adulthood. In fact, many adults become bilingual because they move from one country (or region) to another and have to acquire a second language. With time, they can become just as bilingual as children who acquire their languages in their early years (minus the native speaker accent). In g
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08 Bilingual education

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Bilingual education Bilingual education is bilingualism at the school level. It is not to be confused with bilingual child-raising. Bilingual education should involve teaching in two or more languages in a school, that is, more than one language as the medium of instruction for students to learn regular school subjects.                There are a lot of successful model for bilingual education .          1.      IMMERSION          2.     MAINTENANCE / HERITAGE LANGUAGE          3.     TWO-WAY / DUAL LANGUAGE          4.     MAINSTREAM BILINGUAL In immersion bilingual education the regular curriculum is taught to some extent in the target language, which can also be called Content-Based Foreign Language Teaching. If a program is called immersion, it may need to be confirmed that the curriculum meets the established criteria which is use L1 and L2 at the same time (L1 50% and L2 50%) It is a strict standard compared to most foreign language programs, bu
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